NOT

NOTは条件を否定する時に使う。

https://www.postgresql.jp/docs/9.4/functions-logical.html

postgresdb1=# SELECT * FROM profile;
  name  | address | age
--------+---------+-----
 Taro   | Tokyo   |  30
 Jiro   | Osaka   |  28
 Saburo | Nagoya  |  26
 Shiro  | Sapporo |  26
 Goro   | Fukuoka |  26
 Sato   | Tokyo   |  33
 Ito    | Osaka   |  31
 Sasaki | Kyoto   |  29
(8 行)

postgresdb1=# SELECT * FROM profile WHERE NOT address = 'Tokyo';
  name  | address | age
--------+---------+-----
 Jiro   | Osaka   |  28
 Saburo | Nagoya  |  26
 Shiro  | Sapporo |  26
 Goro   | Fukuoka |  26
 Ito    | Osaka   |  31
 Sasaki | Kyoto   |  29
(6 行)

postgresdb1=#

このように、'Tokyo'以外を抽出できた。